Bioplastics: Solution or More Rubbish?

 


Bioplastics: Solution or More Rubbish?

Spoiler: Just because it says “bio” doesn’t mean it’s good for the planet.

What Are Bioplastics?

Bioplastics are plastics made from renewable biological sources rather than fossil fuels.

Common sources include:

  • Corn starch

  • Sugarcane

  • Potato starch

  • Algae or cellulose

They come with labels like:

  • PLA (polylactic acid)

  • PHA

  • “Compostable”

  • “Biodegradable”

Sounds great, right? But the truth is… a bit more complicated.

Not All Bioplastics Are Created Equal

There are two main types:

1. Bio-based plastics

Made from plants — but not necessarily biodegradable.
Some are chemically identical to oil-based plastics (like PET).

2. Biodegradable plastics

These break down—but only under specific conditions, such as in industrial composting facilities.
Put them in your garden compost? They won’t break down.

The Problems With Bioplastics

1. Misleading labelling

“Biodegradable” doesn’t mean it breaks down in your home compost bin — or quickly.
Some require 70°C industrial heat, constant humidity, and 6+ months to decompose.

2. Contamination risk

Bioplastics mixed into normal plastic recycling streams can spoil entire batches.

3. Still single-use

Bioplastics don’t encourage reuse — they often reinforce throwaway culture.

4. Resource-intensive

Growing crops like corn or sugarcane just for plastic = land, water, fertiliser, fuel.

When Bioplastics Can Help

  • In closed-loop environments (e.g. festivals, stadiums) where proper composting is available

  • For items that are hard to clean and recycle (like medical packaging)

  • As an intermediate step in moving away from oil-based plastics

Compostable ≠ Bin It

Throwing a compostable cup in the bin doesn’t make it vanish.
Without the right conditions, it can last just as long as plastic in landfill — and release methane as it breaks down.

Better Than Bioplastics?

Yes — here’s what really works:

  • Use reusables (cups, bottles, bags)

  • Refill where possible

  • Buy products with minimal packaging

  • Compost and recycle correctly

Final Thought

Bioplastics sound great — and they have a role to play.
But they’re not a magic bullet, and often just a way to feel better about disposable culture.

So next time you see “eco-friendly” on a coffee cup…
Ask where it’s going after you use it.

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